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<?php
/**
* Matomo - free/libre analytics platform
*
* @link https://matomo.org
* @license http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.html GPL v3 or later
*
*/
namespace Piwik;
use DateTime;
use Piwik\Container\StaticContainer;
/**
* Simple class to handle the cookies:
* - read a cookie values
* - edit an existing cookie and save it
* - create a new cookie, set values, expiration date, etc. and save it
*
*/
class Cookie
{
/**
* Don't create a cookie bigger than 1k
*/
const MAX_COOKIE_SIZE = 1024;
/**
* The name of the cookie
* @var string
*/
protected $name = null;
/**
* The expire time for the cookie (expressed in UNIX Timestamp)
* @var int
*/
protected $expire = null;
/**
* Restrict cookie path
* @var string
*/
protected $path = '';
/**
* @var string
*/
protected $keyStore = false;
/**
* Restrict cookie to a domain (or subdomains)
* @var string
*/
protected $domain = '';
/**
* If true, cookie should only be transmitted over secure HTTPS
* @var bool
*/
protected $secure = false;
/**
* If true, cookie will only be made available via the HTTP protocol.
* Note: not well supported by browsers.
* @var bool
*/
protected $httponly = false;
/**
* The content of the cookie
* @var array
*/
protected $value = array();
/**
* The character used to separate the tuple name=value in the cookie
*/
const VALUE_SEPARATOR = ':';
/**
* Instantiate a new Cookie object and tries to load the cookie content if the cookie
* exists already.
*
* @param string $cookieName cookie Name
* @param int|string $expire The timestamp after which the cookie will expire, eg time() + 86400;
* use 0 (int zero) to expire cookie at end of browser session
* @param string $path The path on the server in which the cookie will be available on.
* @param bool|string $keyStore Will be used to store several bits of data (eg. one array per website)
*/
public function __construct($cookieName, $expire = null, $path = null, $keyStore = false)
{
$this->name = $cookieName;
$this->path = $path;
$this->expire = $expire;
$this->keyStore = $keyStore;
if ($this->isCookieFound()) {
$this->loadContentFromCookie();
}
}
/**
* Returns true if the visitor already has the cookie.
*
* @return bool
*/
public function isCookieFound()
{
return self::isCookieInRequest($this->name);
}
/**
* Returns the default expiry time, 2 years
*
* @return int Timestamp in 2 years
*/
protected function getDefaultExpire()
{
return time() + 86400 * 365 * 2;
}
/**
* setcookie() replacement -- we don't use the built-in function because
* it is buggy for some PHP versions.
*
* @link http://php.net/setcookie
*
* @param string $Name Name of cookie
* @param string $Value Value of cookie
* @param int|string $Expires Time the cookie expires
* @param string $Path
* @param string $Domain
* @param bool $Secure
* @param bool $HTTPOnly
* @param string $sameSite
*/
protected function setCookie($Name, $Value, $Expires, $Path = '', $Domain = '', $Secure = false, $HTTPOnly = false, $sameSite = false)
{
if (!empty($Domain)) {
// Fix the domain to accept domains with and without 'www.'.
if (!strncasecmp($Domain, 'www.', 4)) {
$Domain = substr($Domain, 4);
}
$Domain = '.' . $Domain;
// Remove port information.
$Port = strpos($Domain, ':');
if ($Port !== false) {
$Domain = substr($Domain, 0, $Port);
}
}
// Format expire time only for non session cookies
if (0 !== $Expires) {
$Expires = $this->formatExpireTime($Expires);
}
$header = 'Set-Cookie: ' . rawurlencode($Name) . '=' . rawurlencode($Value) . (empty($Expires) ? '' : '; expires=' . $Expires) . (empty($Path) ? '' : '; path=' . $Path) . (empty($Domain) ? '' : '; domain=' . rawurlencode($Domain)) . (!$Secure ? '' : '; secure') . (!$HTTPOnly ? '' : '; HttpOnly') . (!$sameSite ? '' : '; SameSite=' . rawurlencode($sameSite));
\Piwik\Common::sendHeader($header, false);
}
/**
* We set the privacy policy header
*/
protected function setP3PHeader()
{
\Piwik\Common::sendHeader("P3P: CP='OTI DSP COR NID STP UNI OTPa OUR'");
}
/**
* Delete the cookie
*/
public function delete()
{
$this->setP3PHeader();
$this->setCookie($this->name, 'deleted', time() - 31536001, $this->path, $this->domain);
$this->setCookie($this->name, 'deleted', time() - 31536001, $this->path, $this->domain, TRUE, FALSE, 'None');
$this->clear();
}
/**
* Saves the cookie (set the Cookie header).
* You have to call this method before sending any text to the browser or you would get the
* "Header already sent" error.
* @param string $sameSite Value for SameSite cookie property
*/
public function save($sameSite = null)
{
if ($sameSite) {
$sameSite = self::getSameSiteValueForBrowser($sameSite);
}
$cookieString = $this->generateContentString();
if (strlen($cookieString) > self::MAX_COOKIE_SIZE) {
// If the cookie was going to be too large, instead, delete existing cookie and start afresh
$this->delete();
return;
}
$this->setP3PHeader();
$this->setCookie($this->name, $cookieString, $this->expire, $this->path, $this->domain, $this->secure, $this->httponly, $sameSite);
}
/**
* Extract signed content from string: content VALUE_SEPARATOR '_=' signature
* Only needed for BC.
*
* @param string $content
* @return string|bool Content or false if unsigned
*/
private function extractSignedContent($content)
{
$signature = substr($content, -40);
if (substr($content, -43, 3) === self::VALUE_SEPARATOR . '_=' && $signature === sha1(substr($content, 0, -40) . \Piwik\SettingsPiwik::getSalt())) {
// strip trailing: VALUE_SEPARATOR '_=' signature"
return substr($content, 0, -43);
}
return false;
}
/**
* Load the cookie content into a php array.
* Parses the cookie string to extract the different variables.
* Unserialize the array when necessary.
* Decode the non numeric values that were base64 encoded.
*/
protected function loadContentFromCookie()
{
// we keep trying to read signed content for BC ... if it detects a correctly signed cookie then we read
// this value
$cookieStr = $this->extractSignedContent($_COOKIE[$this->name]);
$isSigned = !empty($cookieStr);
if ($cookieStr === false && !empty($_COOKIE[$this->name]) && strpos($_COOKIE[$this->name], '=') !== false) {
// cookie was set since Matomo 4
$cookieStr = $_COOKIE[$this->name];
}
if ($cookieStr === false) {
return;
}
$values = explode(self::VALUE_SEPARATOR, $cookieStr);
foreach ($values as $nameValue) {
$equalPos = strpos($nameValue, '=');
$varName = substr($nameValue, 0, $equalPos);
$varValue = substr($nameValue, $equalPos + 1);
if (!is_numeric($varValue)) {
$tmpValue = base64_decode($varValue);
if ($isSigned) {
// only unserialise content if it was signed meaning the cookie was generated pre Matomo 4
$varValue = safe_unserialize($tmpValue);
} else {
$varValue = $tmpValue;
}
// discard entire cookie
// note: this assumes we never serialize a boolean
// can only happen when it was signed pre Matomo 4
if ($varValue === false && $tmpValue !== 'b:0;') {
$this->value = array();
unset($_COOKIE[$this->name]);
break;
}
}
$this->value[$varName] = $varValue;
}
}
/**
* Returns the string to save in the cookie from the $this->value array of values.
* It goes through the array and generates the cookie content string.
*
* @return string Cookie content
*/
public function generateContentString()
{
$cookieStrArr = [];
foreach ($this->value as $name => $value) {
if (!is_numeric($value) && !is_string($value)) {
throw new \Exception('Only strings and numbers can be used in cookies. Value is of type ' . gettype($value));
} elseif (!is_numeric($value)) {
$value = base64_encode($value);
}
$cookieStrArr[] = "{$name}={$value}";
}
return implode(self::VALUE_SEPARATOR, $cookieStrArr);
}
/**
* Set cookie domain
*
* @param string $domain
*/
public function setDomain($domain)
{
$this->domain = $domain;
}
/**
* Set secure flag
*
* @param bool $secure
*/
public function setSecure($secure)
{
$this->secure = $secure;
}
/**
* Set HTTP only
*
* @param bool $httponly
*/
public function setHttpOnly($httponly)
{
$this->httponly = $httponly;
}
/**
* Registers a new name => value association in the cookie.
*
* Registering new values is optimal if the value is a numeric value.
* Only numbers and strings can be saved in the cookie.
* A cookie has to stay small and its size shouldn't increase over time!
*
* @param string $name Name of the value to save; the name will be used to retrieve this value
* @param string|number $value Value to save. If null, entry will be deleted from cookie.
*/
public function set($name, $value)
{
$name = self::escapeValue($name);
// Delete value if $value === null
if (is_null($value)) {
if ($this->keyStore === false) {
unset($this->value[$name]);
return;
}
unset($this->value[$this->keyStore][$name]);
return;
}
if ($this->keyStore === false) {
$this->value[$name] = $value;
return;
}
$this->value[$this->keyStore][$name] = $value;
}
/**
* Returns the value defined by $name from the cookie.
*
* @param string|integer Index name of the value to return
* @return mixed The value if found, false if the value is not found
*/
public function get($name)
{
$name = self::escapeValue($name);
if (false === $this->keyStore) {
if (isset($this->value[$name])) {
return self::escapeValue($this->value[$name]);
}
return false;
}
if (isset($this->value[$this->keyStore][$name])) {
return self::escapeValue($this->value[$this->keyStore][$name]);
}
return false;
}
/**
* Removes all values from the cookie.
*/
public function clear()
{
$this->value = [];
}
/**
* Returns an easy to read cookie dump
*
* @return string The cookie dump
*/
public function __toString()
{
$str = 'COOKIE ' . $this->name . ', rows count: ' . count($this->value) . ', cookie size = ' . strlen($this->generateContentString()) . " bytes, ";
$str .= 'path: ' . $this->path . ', expire: ' . $this->expire . "\n";
$str .= var_export($this->value, $return = true);
return $str;
}
/**
* Escape values from the cookie before sending them back to the client
* (when using the get() method).
*
* @param string $value Value to be escaped
* @return mixed The value once cleaned.
*/
protected static function escapeValue($value)
{
return \Piwik\Common::sanitizeInputValues($value);
}
/**
* Returns true if a cookie named '$name' is in the current HTTP request,
* false if otherwise.
*
* @param string $name the name of the cookie
* @return boolean
*/
public static function isCookieInRequest($name)
{
return isset($_COOKIE[$name]);
}
/**
* Find the most suitable value for a cookie SameSite attribute, given environmental restrictions which
* may make the most "correct" value impractical:
* - On Chrome, the "None" value means that the cookie will not be present on third-party sites (e.g. the site
* that is being tracked) when the site is loaded over HTTP. This means that important cookies which should always
* be present (e.g. the opt-out cookie) won't be there at all. Using "Lax" means that at least they will be there
* for some requests which are deemed CSRF-safe, although other requests may have broken functionality.
* - On Safari, the "None" value is interpreted as "Strict". In order to set a cookie which will be available
* in all third-party contexts, we have to omit the SameSite attribute altogether.
* @param string $default The desired SameSite value that we should use if it won't cause any problems.
* @return string SameSite attribute value that should be set on the cookie. Empty string indicates that no value
* should be set.
*/
private static function getSameSiteValueForBrowser($default)
{
$sameSite = ucfirst(strtolower($default));
if ($sameSite === 'None') {
if (!\Piwik\ProxyHttp::isHttps()) {
$sameSite = 'Lax';
// None can be only used when secure flag will be set
} else {
$userAgent = \Piwik\Http::getUserAgent();
$ddFactory = StaticContainer::get(\Piwik\DeviceDetector\DeviceDetectorFactory::class);
$deviceDetector = $ddFactory->makeInstance($userAgent, \Piwik\Http::getClientHintsFromServerVariables());
$deviceDetector->parse();
$browserFamily = \DeviceDetector\Parser\Client\Browser::getBrowserFamily($deviceDetector->getClient('short_name'));
if ($browserFamily === 'Safari') {
$sameSite = '';
}
}
}
return $sameSite;
}
/**
* extend Cookie by timestamp or sting like + 30 years, + 10 months, default 2 years
* @param $time
* @return string
*/
public function formatExpireTime($time = null)
{
$expireTime = new DateTime();
if (is_null($time) || is_int($time) && $time < 0) {
$expireTime->modify("+2 years");
} else {
if (is_int($time)) {
$expireTime->setTimestamp($time);
} else {
if (!$expireTime->modify($time)) {
$expireTime->modify("+2 years");
}
}
}
return $expireTime->format(DateTime::COOKIE);
}
}